Free Resources

California WVPP — Free SB 553 Compliance Tools

SB 553 requires every California employer to maintain a written Workplace Violence Prevention Plan, provide annual training, and keep a Violent Incident Log — effective July 1, 2024. These free tools help you understand your obligations.

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Annual
Training frequency (every 12 months)
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5 Years
Violent Incident Log retention period
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8 Hours
Reporting window for fatalities and serious injuries to Cal/OSHA

Notice: BizHR.org provides HR compliance consulting services — not legal advice. We are not a law firm. Information on this page reflects California Labor Code requirements as of 2026. Employers should consult qualified employment counsel and a Cal/OSHA compliance specialist for advice specific to their situation.

The Law — SB 553 & Labor Code §6401.9

California enacted SB 553 in 2023 — the first comprehensive general-industry workplace violence prevention mandate in the U.S. Here are the key provisions every employer must understand.

SB 553 (2023) — Lab. Code §6401.9

California's first general-industry workplace violence prevention mandate, effective July 1, 2024. Requires ALL employers with at least one employee to maintain a written WVPP, conduct annual training, and keep a Violent Incident Log — regardless of industry.

Lab. Code §6401.9(c) — 11 Required Elements

The written WVPP must contain 11 specific elements: program accountability, employee involvement, multi-employer coordination, reporting & anti-retaliation, compliance enforcement, communication procedures, emergency response, training, hazard identification, post-incident response, and annual effectiveness review.

Lab. Code §6401.9(d) — Violent Incident Log

Employers must maintain a Violent Incident Log documenting all workplace violence incidents and credible threats. Retain for 5 years. PII of victims must be removed from copies shared with non-management employees. Log must be available to Cal/OSHA upon request.

Lab. Code §6401.9(e) — Annual Training

All employees must receive annual WVPP training during paid working hours. Training must be interactive, site-specific, and cover: the 4 types of violence, the company WVPP, reporting procedures, and emergency response. No supervisor/employee tier — all employees same requirement.

AB 2288 & SB 92 (2024) — PAGA Reforms

WVPP violations are enforceable under PAGA. Penalties: $100/employee/pay period (standard) or $200/employee/pay period (malicious/fraudulent violations). Employers who take "reasonable steps" — including a written WVPP and training records — qualify for significant penalty reductions.

Lab. Code §6325 — Cal/OSHA Shutdown Authority

If Cal/OSHA identifies an imminent violent hazard, inspectors can issue an Order Prohibiting Use (OPU) — effectively shutting down a facility, machine, or operation immediately. This is unique to Cal/OSHA enforcement and does not apply under CRD/FEHA.

WVPP vs. HPP — Key Differences (Consultants & Employers)

FeatureHarassment Prevention (HPP)Workplace Violence Prevention (WVPP)
Enforcement AgencyCRD / California Civil Rights Dept.Cal/OSHA
Governing LawFEHA, Gov. Code §12950.1Lab. Code §6401.9 (SB 553)
Training FrequencyEvery 2 years (biennial)Every year (annual)
Employee TiersEmployee (1 hr) / Supervisor (2 hr)All employees — single tier (1 hr+)
Training Must BeInteractive, qualified trainer requiredInteractive, site-specific, paid time
Written PlanPolicy document (§11023)Written WVPP (11 mandatory elements)
Incident LogNot requiredViolent Incident Log — 5 year retention
Enforcement ToolsCRD complaints, civil litigationUnannounced inspections, facility shutdown orders
PAGA ExposureYes (FEHA violations)Yes ($100–$200/employee/pay period)
Core Legal Requirement

You Must Create a Written Workplace Violence Prevention Plan

SB 553 does not allow a verbal policy or a handbook section to substitute. California Labor Code §6401.9 requires a standalone written plan — specific to your workplace — that every employee can access at any time. A generic template is not compliant on its own; it must be customized to your actual locations, hazards, and people.

The 11 Mandatory Elements Your Plan Must Contain

Labor Code §6401.9(c) — missing any one of these is a Cal/OSHA citation

§6401.9(c)(1)Designated responsible person — a named individual accountable for the plan
§6401.9(c)(2)Employee participation procedures — how workers help identify hazards
§6401.9(c)(3)Multi-employer coordination — if you share a worksite with other employers
§6401.9(c)(4)Hazard identification and evaluation — your specific workplace risks assessed
§6401.9(c)(5)Hazard correction procedures — how identified hazards get fixed
§6401.9(c)(6)Post-incident response and investigation — what happens after an incident
§6401.9(c)(7)Emergency response procedures — site-specific evacuation and lockdown
§6401.9(c)(8)Training program — annual, interactive, covering all required topics
§6401.9(c)(9)", "Incident reporting procedures — how employees report, without retaliation
§6401.9(c)(10)Anti-retaliation statement — explicit prohibition on retaliating against reporters
§6401.9(c)(11)Violent Incident Log procedures — how you maintain and retain the required log

What Developing Your Plan Involves

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Workplace Hazard Assessment

Walk your facility and evaluate: cash handling, lone worker situations, public access points, high-crime area exposure, late-night operations, and domestic violence spillover risk. Your plan must reflect your actual hazards — not a generic checklist.

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2

Draft the Written Plan

Build all 11 required elements into a single document. Name your Plan Administrator, document your reporting chain, describe your emergency procedures for each location. Every blank must be filled — placeholders left in are a citation waiting to happen.

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3

Management Sign-Off

The plan must be authorized by management. This is not optional — it demonstrates organizational commitment and is reviewed during Cal/OSHA inspections. Date and sign the document.

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4

Annual Review & Update

The plan must be reviewed at least annually and after every serious incident, new location, or significant operational change. Prior versions must be retained for 5 years. Review is documented using the Annual Review Checklist (WVP-FORM-005).

❌ Without a Written Plan

  • • Automatic Cal/OSHA citation — serious violation up to $15,625
  • • PAGA exposure: $100–$200/employee/pay period
  • • No defense framework if a violent incident occurs
  • • Stop-work order risk if Cal/OSHA identifies an imminent hazard
  • • Employees have no documented reporting channel

✅ With a Compliant Written Plan

  • • Meets Cal/OSHA §6401.9 compliance — inspections pass
  • • PAGA penalty reduction for employers who take "reasonable steps"
  • • Clear incident response chain — employees know exactly what to do
  • • Audit-ready documentation for any Cal/OSHA inquiry
  • • Demonstrates good-faith duty of care if litigation arises

Need a written WVPP plan — but don't want to build it from scratch?

The WVPP Toolkit includes a 13-section written plan template with all 11 required elements — fillable for your specific workplace. Or let BizHR.org draft it for you.

Threat Levels & Warning Signs

Your written plan must include procedures for employees to report concerns. These are the three threat levels your employees need to understand — and the warning signs your plan should instruct them to report.

Level 1Vague / Indirect

Generalized statements, no specific target named. "Someone is going to pay for this." Overheard comments about violence. Disturbing written communications.

Action: Report to supervisor or HR. Document the statement with date/time/context. Do not confront — report.
Level 2Direct / Specific

Named target or identifiable group. Specific threat of harm. "I am going to hurt [Name]." Written threats with identifiable recipient.

Action: Report immediately — this is urgent. Notify Plan Administrator and senior management same-day. Consider notifying law enforcement.
Level 3Imminent / Conditional

Target + plan + means + timeframe. Weapon present or credibly referenced. Person is on-site and exhibiting threatening behavior.

Action: Call 911 first. Then notify Plan Administrator. Initiate emergency response procedures. Do not attempt to handle alone.

Warning Signs to Report

Your WVPP training must instruct employees to report these behavioral indicators. Early reporting is your primary prevention tool.

Behavioral Warning Signs

  • • Statements about harming self or others — even if framed as a "joke"
  • • Sudden personality changes or escalating agitation
  • • Fascination with weapons or past incidents of violence
  • • Inability to accept criticism; escalating grudges toward coworkers
  • • Paranoia or belief that others are "out to get them"
  • • Substance abuse at or before work
  • • Stalking behavior toward coworkers or management

Situational High-Risk Moments

  • • Immediately following a disciplinary action, termination, or layoff
  • • After a restraining order is served — especially if the subject knows it
  • • During personal crises: divorce, financial stress, legal trouble
  • • After a grievance or EEOC/CRD complaint is filed
  • • When an employee reports a coworker's domestic situation to HR
If an employee receives a restraining order against a coworker: HR must be notified immediately (confidentially). Safety measures can be implemented — security, access restrictions, escort protocols.

The 4 Types of Workplace Violence

Your WVPP must address all four types. Your Violent Incident Log must categorize each entry by type.

Type ICriminal Intent
Who: No relationship to business
Examples: Robbery, break-in, parking lot theft, vandalism
Higher risk: Cash-handling businesses, late-night operations, retail, isolated locations
Type IICustomer / Client
Who: Current or former customer, patient, client, student
Examples: Angry customer, hostile patient, road rage, irate client
Higher risk: Customer service, healthcare, hospitality, education, grooming/personal services
Type IIIWorker-on-Worker
Who: Current or former employee
Examples: Coworker conflict, post-termination threat, harassment escalation
Higher risk: All workplaces — highest risk during disciplinary actions, terminations, layoffs
Type IVPersonal Relationship
Who: Domestic partner, family member, stalker
Examples: Abusive partner comes to workplace, stalking, domestic violence spills into work
Higher risk: All workplaces — require employees to notify HR of restraining orders so safety measures can be implemented

WVPP Knowledge Quiz

8 questions — test your team's understanding of SB 553. If you don't know the answers, Cal/OSHA will notice.

Question 1 of 8Score: 0

How often must California employers provide WVPP training under SB 553?

Training Deadline Calculator

Enter an employee's hire date and last training date to calculate WVPP training deadlines. Initial training within 30 days of hire; renewal every 12 months.

Initial training due within 30 days of hire

Annual renewal due every 12 months

Required Workplace Postings

California employers must display these notices where employees can readily see them. Failure to post is a separate Cal/OSHA or CRD citation.

Posting / NoticeIssuing AgencyWhere to Get It
Safety and Health Protection on the Job (Cal/OSHA)Cal/OSHAdir.ca.gov/dosh
Emergency Contact Numbers (site-specific)EmployerPrepare internally
WVPP Summary — accessible to all employees at all timesEmployerPrepare internally
Workers' Compensation Rights (DWC-7 Notice)DIR/DWCdir.ca.gov/dwc
Sexual Harassment is Forbidden (DFEH-185P)CRDcalcivilrights.ca.gov
Payday Notice / IWC Wage OrderDLSEdir.ca.gov

Frequently Asked Questions

Common SB 553 questions from California employers.

Government Resources

Cal/OSHA — Division of Occupational Safety and Health

1-800-963-9424

SB 553 enforcement, WVPP guidance documents, workplace violence statistics, complaint filing, inspection scheduling

Visit dir.ca.gov/dosh

DIR — Department of Industrial Relations

1-844-522-6734

Parent agency for Cal/OSHA, DLSE (wage orders), DWC (workers' comp). PAGA enforcement guidance.

Visit dir.ca.gov

LWDA — Labor and Workforce Development Agency

(916) 653-9900

PAGA notice recipient for workplace violence violations. Oversees AB 2288 penalty reform implementation.

Visit lwda.ca.gov

CRD — Civil Rights Department

1-800-884-1684

Handles harassment and discrimination — separate from WVPP. File HPP complaints here. Cal/OSHA handles WVPP.

Visit calcivilrights.ca.gov

Cal/OSHA 24-Hour Hotline (serious injury/fatality reporting)

1-800-963-9424

Fatalities and serious injuries must be reported within 8 hours. Available 24/7.

Visit www.dir.ca.gov/dosh/dosh1.html

Need a Done-For-You WVPP?

BizHR.org delivers a fully customized, site-specific Workplace Violence Prevention Program — written policy, 5 operational forms, annual training, audit-ready packet, and employee-facing materials. SB 553 compliant. Cal/OSHA ready.